Swapping of two numbers without using third variable in Java

In this post, you will learn different ways of swapping two numbers using the Java programming language. Such a type of question is generally asked in programming interviews. The interviewer may ask you to write a program for the swapping of two numbers using a particular method.

Swap two numbers using addition and subtraction in Java

In the given Java program, we swap two numbers without using the temporary variable. We define only two variables. We use any one variable from a given two variables to store the sum of both variables. Then, we use the subtraction operation to get the values swapped.

// Swapping of two numbers
public class SwapNumbers  
{
  public static void main(String[] args) 
  {
    int x = 500;
    int y = 400;

    // Displaying values
    System.out.println("x = " + x + " and y = " + y);
    
    //Swapping in steps
    x = x + y;    //x = 500 + 400 = 900
    y = x - y;    //y = 500 - 400 = 100
    x = x - y;    //x = 500 - 400 = 100
     
    //Verifing swapped values
    System.out.println("x = " + x + " and y = " + y);
  }
}

Output of the above code:

x = 500 and y = 400
x = 400 and y = 500

Swap two numbers using Multiplication and division in Java

In the given Java program, we swap two numbers using the arithmetic operators multiplication and division.

import java.io.*;
 
public class SwappingNumbers {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int x = 200;
        int y = 100;
        
        System.out.println("Before swaping:"
                           + " x = " + x + ", y = " + y);
 
        // swapping 'x' and 'y' using 
        // multiplication and division
        
        x = x * y; 
        y = x / y; 
        x = x / y; 
 
        System.out.println("After swaping:"
                           + " x = " + x + ", y = " + y);
    }
}

Output of the above code:

Before swaping: x = 200, y = 100
After swaping: x = 100, y = 200

Java program to swap two numbers using Bitwise XOR

Here, we have used the bitwise XOR operator to swap two variables. The XOR of two numbers x and y returns a number that has all the bits as 1 wherever x and y differ. For example, XOR of 10 (binary 1010) and 5 (binary 0101) is 1111.

import java.util.Scanner;  
public class SwapTwoNumbers  
{  
    public static void main(String args[])  
    {  
    int x, y;  
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);  
    System.out.print("Enter the first number: ");  
    x = scanner.nextInt();  
    System.out.print("Enter the second number: ");  
    y = scanner.nextInt();  
    System.out.println("Before swapping:");  
    System.out.println("x = " +x +", y = " +y);  
    x = x ^ y;  
    y = x ^ y;  
    x = x ^ y;  
    System.out.println("After swapping:");  
    System.out.print("x = " +x +", y = " +y);  
    }  
}

Output of the above code:

Enter the first number: 62
Enter the second number: 90
Before swapping:
x = 62, y = 90
After swapping:
x = 90, y = 62

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