Multiply all elements in list Python

In this post, you will learn how to multiply all elements in a list using the Python programming language.

A list is a sequence of indexed and ordered values, like an array. It is mutable, which means we can change the order of elements in a list. A list in Python is a linear data structure that can hold heterogeneous elements. It is flexible enough to shrink and grow, and there is no need to declare it.

There are different ways in Python to multiply all the elements in a list.

Multiply all elements in list using traversal method

Here, we have taken a variable 'product' and initialised it with the value 1. Next, we traversed the list to the end and multiplied every element with the product. The value of 'product' at last is the final result.

# Python program to multiply all elements in the
# list using traversal
 
def multiplyList(xList) :
     
    product = 1
    for x in xList:
         product = product * x
    return product
     
list1 = [11, 3, 2]
list2 = [8, 2, 5]

print("Product of first list: ",multiplyList(list1))
print("Product of second list: ",multiplyList(list2))

Product of first list:  66
Product of second list:  80

Multiply all elements in list using numpy.prod()

Numpy prod() method returns the product of the array of elements over a given axis. This method returns an integer or a float value, depending on the multiplication result. In the given example, we import the numpy module and use the np.prod() method to get the product of all the elements in the list.

# Python program to multiply all elements in the
# list using numpy

import numpy as np

list1 = [6, 4, 2]
list2 = [8, 2, 5]
 
# Multiply elements of list using numpy.prod()
product1 = np.prod(list1)
product2 = np.prod(list2)

print("Product of first list: ",product1)
print("Product of second list: ",product2)

Product of first list:  48
Product of second list:  80

Multiply all elements in list using functools.reduce()

The reduce() function is defined in the functools module. It accepts a function as the first argument and an iterable as the second argument. We can use this function to multiply all the elements of the list by providing operator.mul in the first argument and list in the second.

# Python program to multiply all elements in the
# list using functools and operator

# importing functools for reduce()
import functools

# importing operator for operator functions
import operator

a_list = [5, 2, 7, 4]

product = functools.reduce(operator.mul, a_list)

print("Product of elements of the list: ",product)

Product of elements of list:  280

Multiply all elements in list using math.prod

We can also use the math.prod() method to easily multiply the elements of the list. The math.prod is a new function and available from Python 3.8.

# Import math library
import math

list1 = [11, 2, 4]
list2 = [3, 6, 5]
 
 
result1 = math.prod(list1)
result2 = math.prod(list2)

print("Product of first list: ",result1)
print("Product of second list: ",result2)

Product of first list:  88
Product of second list:  90

Multiply all elements in list using mul() function of operator module

In the given Python program, first we import the operator module then using the mul() function of operator module multiplying the all elements in the list.

from operator import*
list1 = [6, 8, 4]
res = 1
for i in list1:
    res = mul(i, res)
print(res)

192

Multiply all elements in list using itertools.accumulate

In the given Python program, first we import the itertools module, then we use the lambda function and accumulate() function to get the product of list elements. The accumulate() method in the itertools module returns a new iterator.

from itertools import accumulate
list1 = [5, 22, 19]
 
result1 = list(accumulate(list1, (lambda x, y: x * y)))
print(result1[-1])

2090

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